對dui某mou些xie疾ji病bing的de治zhi療liao可ke能neng要yao用yong一yi些xie必bi要yao的de抗kang生sheng素su，尤you其qi氨an基ji甙dai類lei抗kang生sheng素su在zai治zhi療liao疾ji病bing的de同tong時shi對dui內nei耳er有you損sun害hai。在zai兒er童tong患huan病bing早zao期qi症zheng狀zhuang很hen不bu明ming顯xian，因yin而er難nan以yi早zao期qi發fa現xian。加jia強qiang醫yi學xue監jian護hu是shi診zhen斷duan早zao期qi耳er聾long的de重zhong要yao手shou段duan。藥yao毒du性xing耳er聾long應ying以yi預yu防fang為wei主zhu，禁jin止zhi濫lan用yong耳er毒du性xing藥yao物wu。對dui有you家jia族zu性xing中zhong毒du史shi和he腎shen功gong能neng障zhang礙ai的de患huan者zhe，應ying禁jin用yong耳er毒du性xing藥yao物wu。嬰ying幼you兒er、妊娠期婦女、老年人對耳毒性藥物同樣敏感應該禁用，必須使用時也應慎重。